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  • Selected Presentations
  • Affiliations
    • Linguistic Atlas Project
    • DECRYPT Project
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John Winstead

About Me

I am a Ph.D. linguistics student at the CUNY Graduate Center who specializes in writing systems and computational linguistics. My research focuses on how writing encodes language and how we can formally distinguish language from noise.

This website showcases my academic work, projects, and research assistance services.


Research Assistance Services

I provide technical support for research projects, including:

  • Data Scraping: Collecting structured and unstructured data from digital sources.
  • Data Analysis: Processing, modeling, and statistical analysis in Python or R.
  • Data Visualization: Clear, publication-ready charts and figures.

I offer a free consultation. See my Services page for details.


Research Interests

My research asks how writing systems encode linguistic information. I take a computational approach that draws on information theory, computational linguistics, and historical linguistics, building on work such as (Coulmas, 1989, 2003) and (Sproat, 2000).

I treat writing as a proper object of linguistic investigation, not merely a secondary representation of speech. I study which formal, quantifiable properties distinguish linguistic signal from stochastic noise that can appear linguistic. This includes modeling sub-word regularities and cross-linguistic constraints, and using information-theoretic measures to assess structure, efficiency, and redundancy in writing systems (including script directionality). This also requires engaging with competing accounts of what counts as “language,” and with theories that separate possible human languages from impossible ones.

At its core, my work asks what language is, using writing systems as a testbed for methods that distinguish language from non-language.


Education

  • M.A. Linguistic Theory & Typology, University of Kentucky (2024)
  • B.A. Philosophy, Western Kentucky University (2018)

Selected Presentations

Year Title Venue
2024 Predicting the Direction of Writing Using Character Gram Sequences 16th Annual Meeting of the Illinois Language and Linguistics Society (ILLS16)
2024 Data Degradation in the Linguistic Atlas of the Gulf States American Dialect Society
2023 Investigating the Etymology of ‘Bogle’ - A Dialectological Approach American Dialect Society
2023 Deciphering Historical Texts Using Word Embeddings Central Kentucky Linguistics Conference
2022 Logography? More like NOgography: Reconsidering Writing System Typologies Central Kentucky Linguistics Conference

Affiliations

Linguistic Atlas Project

University of Kentucky
A comprehensive study documenting linguistic variation in American English dialects since 1929. The project includes digitization of over 90 years of linguistic data to make it accessible for modern research. Learn More

DECRYPT Project

Stockholm University
An interdisciplinary initiative focused on decrypting historical manuscripts. Combining computational linguistics, cryptology, and philology, the project develops tools for analyzing and making historical ciphers accessible. Learn More


References
Coulmas, F. (1989). The writing systems of the world. B. Blackwell.
Coulmas, F. (2003). Writing systems: An introduction to their linguistic analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Sproat, R. W. (2000). A computational theory of writing systems. Cambridge University Press.

© 2026 John Winstead

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